Water

Food & Nutrition

MINERAL ELEMENTS

Mineral elements are also required in a very minor quantity by the body. They are inorganic in nature and perform a variety of functions like growth and vital metabolic activities. Mineral elements are usually classified into two groups. Macro elements. Micro elements. The macro elements are also called trace elements and they include sodium, calcium, […]

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Biology

ANIMAL NUTRITION

ANIMAL NUTRITION (FOOD SUBSTANCES) Food is a complex energy-rich organic matter which living organism feed on to obtain nutrients and substances necessary for life. Food substances are classified to six groups (i) Carbohydrate     (ii) Protein       (iii) Fat and oils    (iv)  Mineral salts  (v) Vitamins     (vi) Water and roughages. Carbohydrates These are made up of carbon,

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Biology

IMPORTANCE OF VITAMINS, MINERAL SALTS, ROUGHAGE AND WATER IN HUMAN NUTRITION VITAMINS

These are organic compounds that are essential for proper growth, development and functioning of the body.  Vitamins are required in very small quantities They are not stored and must be included in the diet Vitamins Band C are soluble in water, the rest are soluble in fat Various vitamins are used in different ways  

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Chemistry

COVALENT BONDING – SINGLE BONDS

COVALENT BONDING As well as achieving noble gas structures by transferring electrons from one atom to another as in ionic bonding, it is also possible for atoms to reach these stable structures by sharing electrons to give covalent bonds.   Depending on the number of electron pairs shared between atoms which participate in bonding, covalent

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Chemistry

WATER

WATER Pure water is a colourless, odourless, tasteless, neutral liquid. Pure water does not exist in nature but naturally in varying degree of purity. The main sources of water include rain, springs, borehole, lakes, seas and oceans: Water is generally used for the following purposes: (i) Drinking by animals and plants. (ii) Washing clothes. (iii)

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Biology

SEED GERMINATION CONDITIONS

SEED GERMINATION CONDITIONS, CONDITIONS NECESSARY FOR GERMINATION What are the conditions necessary for seed germination? Seeds can easily be destroyed by unfavourable conditions such as excessive heat, cold or animals. Seeds need certain conditions to germinate and grow. Some of these conditions are external, for example water, oxygen and suitable temperature while others are internal

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Chemistry

WATER AND HYDROGEN

WATER AND HYDROGEN Hydrogen is the simplest element. It is the first element in the periodic table, and it is placed in Group I of the periodic table.   Hydrogen Occurrence Hydrogen is the lightest element and the most abundant element in the universe. Hydrogen occurs naturally as a mixture of the three isotopes: Protium,

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