SS 1 Data Processing (1st Term)

Data Processing (secondary)

DATA AND INFORMATION

Data are raw, unorganized or unprocessed facts that need to be processed. Data can be something simple and seemingly random and useless until it is organised. TYPES OF DATA Qualitative data  i.e descriptive information Quantitative data  i.e  numeric information   SUBDIVISION OF QUANTITATIVE DATA Continuous data: this can take any value. It is also known […]

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Data Processing (secondary)

ICT APPLICATION IN EVERYDAY LIFE

ICT has turned this world to a global village. Apart from communication, that is, reaching people both far and near; it has also made the work easier and better. Better productivity, salaries, health care and even farming and education. SECTORS WHERE ICT HAS PLAYED MAJOR ROLE Education Banking Industry Commerce EDUCATION ICT is applied in

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Data Processing (secondary)

DIGITALIZATION OF DATA

COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM A computer system consists of three main parts otherwise called components. They are : Hardware Software People ware   HARDWARE COMPONENT The computer hardware could be defined as the physical parts of the computer that we see, feel and handle. It consists of device for input, processing, storage, output and

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Data Processing (secondary)

DIGITALIZATION OF DATA

Digitalization is the process of converting information into digital format. This information may represent an object, image, sound, document or a signal (usually an analog signal) organized into discrete set of its points or samples. This is the binary data that computers and many devices with computing capacity (such as digital camera and digital hearing

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Data Processing (secondary)

CLASSIFICATION OF COMPUTERS BY SIZE

SUPER COMPUTER These are the largest, fastest and most expensive computers. The cost is several millions of dollars and the speed is between 600 million to 900 million instructions per second (MIP). Another name for super computer is MONSTER. Scientists in weather forecasting, exploration make use of super computers. It can also be used for

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Data Processing (secondary)

CLASSIFICATION OF COMPUTER BY TYPES

DIGITAL COMPUTER This is the most common type of computer today. It measures physical quantities by counting. Examples are calculator, digital wrist watches, digital fuel dispenser etc.   ANALOGUE COMPUTER This type of computer is used to measure and process continuous data such as speed, temperature, heartbeat etc. Examples are speedometer, thermometer etc.   HYBRID

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Data Processing (secondary)

HISTORY OF COMPUTERS

Consider the table below: Generations Of computers Year of development The Technology Used Characteristics Software Instruction Storage Capacity First 1951-1958     Vacuum tube Very big and slow in operation Machine language Small internal storage Second 1959-1964 Transistor Less heat generation High level & Assembly Core storage Third 1965-1975 100-1000 Chips Introduction of integrated circuit

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Data Processing (secondary)

GENERATIONS OF COMPUTERS

FIRST GENERATION OF COMPUTERS Electronic machine which was distinct from mechanical computers evolved about 1945. UNIVAC is a good example of this generation of computers. Computers of this generation were characterized by: They used Vacuum tubes. They were very large and expensive. They were very bulky. They had a low retentive memory. They generated a

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Data Processing (secondary)

HISTORY OF COMPUTING

EARLY MECHANICAL COUNTING/CALCULATING DEVICES Abacus Slide rule   EARLY ELECTRO-MECHANICAL COUNTING DEVICES John Napier bone Blaize Pascal machine Gottfried Leitbnitz machine Joseph Jacquard Loom Charles Babbage analytical machine   EARLY ELECTRONIC COUNTING DEVICES Herman Hollerith punch card John Von Neumann machine   Man has put in every effort to have better methods of calculations. As

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Data Processing (secondary)

INTRODUCTION TO DATA PROCESSING

In this chapter, you shall learn about what is data and information; the difference between data and information. Attempt to distinguish between manual and electronic data processing.   DEFINITION OF DATA The term data means any basic fact which may be input to some processing system. A processing system is one where computations, comparisons and

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