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Adaptation

Biology

ADAPTATION FOR SURVIVAL

COMPETITION Competition is the process by which living organisms in the habitat struggle with one another for limited essential needs in the environment. Such scarce resources in plants include; light, space, nutrient and water while animals complete for food, space or mate. Competition finally results in survival of the fittest and elimination of the unfit.   Types of competition Intraspecies competition: competition between organisms of the same species. e.g. many maize seedlings grown in a small area. Interspecies competition: that between different species of organisms. e.g. many maize and pepper seedlings growing in a small area.   Relationship between competition and succession Succession is the change in a population caused by the replacement of the old members with new ones as a result of competition. The newly formed habitat is gradually colonized by different species of plants in a stepwise manner until a relatively stable community is established and later… Read More »ADAPTATION FOR SURVIVAL

Biology

ADAPTATION

ADAPTATION Adaptation is defined as the ability of an organism to live successfully in a particular habitat as a result of its structure, appearance and behaviour. It is expected that every organism must adapt to its environment in order to survive. Plants and animals possess certain features which enable them to adapt to either aquatic or terrestrial habitats.   Animal Adaptation (1) Adaptation of Animals to Aquatic Habitat (i) Possession of streamlined body for easy movement in water, e.g. Tilapia fish and toad. (ii) Possession of fins for movement as in the case of fish and webbed toes as in toad (iii) Possession of gills for gaseous exchange in fish and tadpoles. (iv) Possession of swim bladder for the purpose of buoyancy in water, e.g. Tilapia fish. (v) Possession of tail for swimming, e.g. tadpoles. (vi) Possession of sticky undersurface for attachment to surfaces of objects, e.g. snails and flatworms.… Read More »ADAPTATION

Biology

ADAPTIVE COLOURATION AND BEHAVIOURAL ADAPTATION

ADAPTIVE COLOURATION AND BEHAVIOURAL ADAPTATION    ADAPTIVE COLOURATION This is the possession by an organism of a colour which enables it to catch its prey, avoid its predators or enemies, secure mates and ensure their survival. Adaptive colouration may be grouped into Concealing (cryptic) colouration to help organisms blend with their background and remain unnoticed by predators Colour blending with the environment e. g. green cuticles of grasshopper, green snakes etc. Counter shading by animals possessing a dark dorsal surface and light ventral surface as in tilapia fish to remain unnoticed by predator above and below. Colour change (camouflage) to match the environment as in chameleon, grasshopper etc. Disruptive colouration as patterns to break the body outline of animals against the dark and light shades of their background as in giraffe, leopard, tiger, lady bird beetle etc. Warning colouration to announce the presence of the organism(s) to potential predator to… Read More »ADAPTIVE COLOURATION AND BEHAVIOURAL ADAPTATION

Biology

ADAPTATION FOR SURVIVAL

ADAPTATION FOR SURVIVAL  COMPETITION Competition is the process by which living organisms in the habitat struggle with one another for limited essential needs in the environment. Such scarce resources in plants include; light, space, nutrient and water while animals complete for food, space or mate. Competition finally results in survival of the fittest and elimination of the unfit.    Types of competition Intraspecies competition: competition between organisms of the same species. e.g. many maize seedlings grown in a small area. Interspecies competition: that between different species of organisms. e.g. many maize and pepper seedlings growing in a small area.  Relationship between competition and succession Succession is the change in a population caused by the replacement of the old members with new ones as a result of competition. The newly formed habitat is gradually colonized by different species of plants in a stepwise manner until a relatively stable community is established… Read More »ADAPTATION FOR SURVIVAL

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