Computer Studies/ICT (Junior Classes)

ICT GADGETS

ICT (Information and Communication technology) is an umbrella term that includes any communication, encompassing; radio, television, cellular phones, computer and network hardware and software, satellite systems and so on as well as the various services and applications associated with the much as video conferencing and distance learning.

ICT AS A TRANSFORMATIONAL TOOL

ICT covers any product that will store, retrieve manipulate transmit or receive information electronically in a digital form. E.g. computers, digital television, email.

Information Technology (IT) refer to the systems used to store and manage information through the use of technologies such as computers.

Information System (IS) means a computer-based system to manage information. The system usually receives information, validates it, do some calculation or processing, stores the data and outputs information.

THE PAINT

This is a graphic program that can be used to create drawing on a blank page or on top of other pictures in the computer.

Paint is incorporated with windows. It is also used to open and edit pictures.

Starting  Paint

To load paint, take the following steps

Click on Start button
Point on All Programs
Click on Accessories
Click on Paint

GRAPHIC PACKAGES
Graphic is a symbol produced by a process such as drawing, writing, sketching etc.
Computer graphics are symbols that are displayed on the screen of a Visual Display Unit (VDU) which are considered as diagrammatic that includes pictures, Clip Art, regular/irregular shapes, Smart Art, Charts, Map etc.

Example 1: A BASIC program has the following

Line number(s) (b) Remark (REM) (c) Assignment (LET, INPUT, DATA) (d) Output statement (PRINT, WRITE) (e) Terminators (END, STOP) (f) Conditional statement (IF, ELSE, AND, OR, etc)
REM Program to write (or print) numbers 1 to 20.

10 START

20  A = 0; B = 0

30 INPUT a

40 IF A<1 THEN GO TO 30

BASIC PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE

ORIGIN

The original BASIC language was designed on May 1, 1964 by John Kemeny and Thomas Kurtz and implemented by a team of Dartmouth students under their direction.

The acronym BASIC comes from the name of an unpublished paper by Thomas Kurtz. BASIC was designed to allow students to write mainframe computer programs for the Dartmouth time sharing system.

PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE

Program: A program is a set of instructions that the computer needs to execute a task or series of tasks.

Programming Language: This is a computer language that is a standard means of communication technique for expressing instructions to a computer. It is a language that specified instructions to be executed on a computer.

Programming: This is the act of writing programs. It is also the act of writing programs which instruct the computer on what to do, how to do and when to execute task.

Conversion of other bases to denary system. To convert numbers in the other bases to denary system, expand the given number in power of its bases.
Examples:
1. Convert 35416 to denary
35416 = 3 x 162 + 5 X 161 + 4 x 160
= 3 x 256 + 5 x 16 + 4 x 1

An application program (app or application for short) is a computer program designed to perform a group of coordinated functions, tasks, or activities for the benefit of the user. Examples of application include a word processor, a spreadsheet, an accounting application, a web browser, a media player, a console game or photo editor.