Post Views: 5 THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF GRAPHITE Graphite Has a high melting point, similar to that of diamond. In order to melt graphite, it isn’t enough to loosen one… Read More »THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF GRAPHITE
Post Views: 5 Diamond Has a very high melting point (almost 4000°C). Very strong carbon-carbon covalent bonds have to be broken throughout the structure before melting occurs. Is very hard.… Read More »THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF DIAMOND
Post Views: 5 COVALENT BONDING As well as achieving noble gas structures by transferring electrons from one atom to another as in ionic bonding, it is also possible for atoms… Read More »COVALENT BONDING – SINGLE BONDS
Post Views: 6 STRUCTURE AND BONDING Ionic (Electrovalent) Bonding Noble gases like neon or argon have eight electrons in their outer shells (or two in the case of helium). These… Read More »STRUCTURE AND BONDING
Post Views: 4 Characteristics of periods The first period starts with hydrogen (H) and ends with helium (He). It has just two elements H (Z=1) and He (Z = 2).… Read More »Periods
Post Views: 2 THE NOBLE GASES – GROUP 0 In this group, we have Helium (He), Neon (Ne), Argon (Ar), Krypton (Kr), Xenon (Xe) and Radon (Rn). The electronic configuration… Read More »THE NOBLE GASES – GROUP 0
Post Views: 3 THE HALOGENS – GROUP 7 The halogens are all in group 7 on the right of the periodic table. This group consists of elements like Fluorine (F),… Read More »The Halogens – Group 7
Post Views: 5 TREND IN ATOMIC RADIUS Going down Group 2: There are more filled energy levels between the nucleus and the outer electrons, therefore the outer electrons are more… Read More »Trend In Atomic Radius
Post Views: 9 As you go down the group from one element down to the next the atomic radius gets bigger due to an extra filled electron shell. The outer… Read More »REACTIVITY TREND OF ALKALI METALS
Post Views: 3 THE PERIODIC TABLE Dmitri Mendeleev is credited as being the Father of the modern periodic table. In 1869 he arranged the 50 or so known elements in… Read More »The Periodic Table
Post Views: 3 ISOTOPES It is interesting to note that atoms of a given atomic number can have different number of neutrons. Atoms of elements having the same atomic number… Read More »Isotopes
Post Views: 3 USES OF HYDROGEN GAS Hydrogenation/Hardening of unsaturated vegetable oils to saturated fats/margarine. When Hydrogen is passed through unsaturated compounds in presence of Nickel catalyst and about 150oC,… Read More »USES OF HYDROGEN GAS
Post Views: 14 THE STRUCTURE OF THE ATOM AND THE PERIODIC TABLE 1.1 The structure of the atom When scientists started exploring matter, they realized that matter can be divided… Read More »THE STRUCTURE OF THE ATOM AND THE PERIODIC TABLE
Post Views: 11 (a) Physical properties Hydrogen is a neutral, colourless and odourless gas. When mixed with air it has a characteristic pungent choking smell It is insoluble in water… Read More »PROPERTIES OF HYDROGEN GAS
Post Views: 28 Occurrence Hydrogen does not occur free in nature. It occurs as Water and in Petroleum. School laboratory Preparation Procedure Put Zinc granules in a round/flat/conical flask. Add… Read More »HYDROGEN
Post Views: 12 REACTION OF METALS WITH WATER The higher the metal in the reactivity series the more reactive the metal with water. The following experiments show the reaction of… Read More »REACTION OF METALS WITH WATER
Post Views: 10 WATER POLLUTION Water pollution take place when undesirable substances are added into the water. Sources of water pollution include: (i) Industrial chemicals being disposed into water bodies… Read More »WATER POLLUTION
Post Views: 43 WATER Pure water is a colourless, odourless, tasteless, neutral liquid. Pure water does not exist in nature but naturally in varying degree of purity. The main sources… Read More »WATER
Post Views: 8 REACTIVITY SERIES OF METALS/ELEMENTS Metals compete for combined Oxygen. A metal/element with higher affinity for oxygen removes Oxygen from a metal lower in the reactivity series/less affinity… Read More »REACTIVITY SERIES OF METALS/ELEMENTS
Post Views: 4 The following experiments show the reaction of non-metals with Oxygen and air. Burning Carbon Procedure (a) Using a pair of tongs hold a dry piece of charcoal… Read More »REACTION OF NON-METALS WITH OXYGEN/AIR