CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS WHICH CONSTITUTE LIVING ORGANISMS
- All matter is made up of chemical elements, each of which exists in the form of smaller units called atoms
- Some of the elements occur in large amounts in living things
- These include carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulphur and phosphorus
- Elements combine together to form compounds
- Some of these compounds are organic
- Organic compounds contain atoms of carbon combined with hydrogen and they are usually complex
- Other compounds are inorganic
- Most inorganic compounds do not contain carbon and hydrogen and they are usually less complex
- Cells contain hundreds of different classes of organic compounds
- However, there are four classes of organic compounds found in all cells
- These are: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids
Carbohydrates
- Carbohydrates are compounds of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
- Hydrogen and oxygen occur in the ratio of 2: 1 as in water
- Carbohydrates are classified into three main groups: monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides
Also See:
NUTRITION IN PLANTS
ACTIVE TRANSPORTWATER RELATIONS IN PLANT AND ANIMAL CELLS
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