Biology

Biology

BETTER HEALTH: VECTORS, GOOD HEALTH & MICRO ORGANISMS

CONTROL OF HARMFUL MICRO-ORGANISMS The control of harmful microbes include removal, inhibition of growth or killing by physical agents/processes and chemical agents or antibiotics. Some common methods of controlling harmful microorganisms in order to maintain good health include High and low temperature: Boiling or heating of food, pasteurization of milk, sterilization of medical instruments and […]

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Biology

SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS (STI)

Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) (veneral diseases) are the diseases that are contacted through sexual intercourse. Examples include syphilis, gonorrhea, herpes, thrush, AIDSetc.The table below shows a list of STIs, their symptoms, transmission, etc.   DISEASE CAUSATIVE ORGANISM SYMPTOMS PREVENTION/CONTROL GONORRHOEA Bacterium (Neisseria gonorrhea) −     Burning sensation during urination in males −     A thick yellowish discharge

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Biology

MICRO-ORGANISMS

Micro-organisms otherwise called microbes or germs can be defined as living things which cannot be seen with unaided eye but by the use of microscopes.   They exist almost everywhere, in water, air, soil, surface of objects, as well as on and within living organisms.  They are carried by air currents from the earth’s surface

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Organization of Life

The organization of life refers to the remarkable progression of existence, starting from the simplest form of life, a single-celled organism, and evolving into intricate multicellular organisms exhibiting diverse and specialized functions. At its most fundamental level, life begins with the emergence of a unicellular organism, often referred to as a single-celled or microorganism. These

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Plant Nutrition and Importance of Photosynthesis

The external environment provides the necessary conditions for metabolic activities such as respiration, growth, excretion, and reproduction. Photosynthetic or holophytic nutrition refers to the process in which green plants manufacture their own organic food from simple inorganic substances such as carbon dioxide, water, sunlight, and chlorophyll while producing oxygen as a by-product. The following equation

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Nutrient Cycle, Carbon Cycle & Water Cycle

The nutrient cycle, often referred to as the biogeochemical cycle, encompasses the dynamic processes through which various essential elements and compounds, including carbon, sulphur, and water, circulate within nature’s intricate web of life. These cycles facilitate the continuous availability and utilization of nutrients, playing a vital role in sustaining ecosystems and supporting life forms across the planet.

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Food Substance: Carbohydrates, Proteins, Fats and Oils, Mineral Salts, Vitamins & Water

Food is a multifaceted and vital source of energy, consisting of organic matter that sustains the nourishment of living organisms. It serves as a fundamental fuel, providing essential nutrients and substances necessary for various life processes. The diverse array of food substances can be broadly classified into six distinct groups, each playing a crucial role in maintaining overall health and well-being.

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Biology and Inquiry

Science is a systematic process of inquiry that aims to understand the living and non-living things in our environment. Biology, derived from the Greek words “bios” meaning life and “logos” meaning study, is the branch of science that specifically focuses on the study of life.

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Living Things & Non-Living Things

Living things are entities that possess the fundamental characteristics of life, which include growth, reproduction, metabolism, responsiveness to stimuli, adaptation, and the ability to undergo homeostasis. These objects exhibit a level of organization and complexity that allows them to function, interact with their environment, and maintain their internal processes.

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Living Things: Monera, Protocyista, Fungi, Plantae, Spermatophyta

The classification of living things refers to the grouping of organisms based on their structural, genetic, and cellular organization. This process is known as taxonomy. The current system of classification used today was established by a Swedish naturalist named Carl Von Linne (1707-1778), more commonly known by his Latin name, Carolus Linnaeus. Linnaeus published the classification of plants in 1753 and animals in 1758.

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Biology

ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION

The orderly change in the inhabitants of an area over time is called succession. It can also be defined as the step by step orderly and gradual replacement of communities of organisms that leads to a climax community. An illustration of succession is that of a pond. Rain carries sediment from surrounding land into the

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Biology

POLLINATION

This is the transfer of mature pollen grains from the anther of one flower to the mature stigma of the same or another flower of the same plant or another plant of closely related species. Pollination usually precedes fertilization. There are two types of pollination namely, self-pollination and cross-pollination. SELF POLLINATION This is the transfer

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Biology

REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM IN PLANTS

STRUCTURES AND FUNCTIONS OF THE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS IN PLANTS The flower is the reproductive structure of a flowering plant. It has both male and female sex organs hence it can carry out sexual reproduction. After fertilization has taken place in flowers, seeds are produced. A flower has two major parts: The floral part (whorls) The

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Biology

EXCRETION AND EXCRETORY SYSTEM

Excretion is the process by which metabolic waste products are removed from the body of all living things. Excretion is different from egestion which is the removal of solid waste (undigested food substances i.e.faeces) through the anus. Excretion is necessary for the following reasons: To avoid or prevent any harm that would be caused by

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